To understand ideas.
For centuries, Arisitilian doctrine reigned in scientific thought. It was questioned by several radical thinkers, but it was not until Newton came forward with his laws of physics and
calculus that serious consideration was lent to changing of these views. Though Newton was not immediately accepted in his ideas, eventually his physics remained as the only real explanation to view the world. Then electricity and magnetism began to be explored. Cumulating in Maxwell and his now famous equations, this development changed both physics itself and the way it was applied to the world. Though this view held for some time, further scientific exploration lead to the development of atomic theories and relativity.
From Aristotal to Newton to Maxwell to Einstein, we see a flow of ideas that are both born within and defy its predicessor. Eash theory radically changed the way the world had to be viewed, and to even be accepted, which it did. Each theory refined ideas to include observations that deied explination beofre it, and sythesized each refiniment into an all encompasinf view. Newtonican phsyics beoke into Aristotal's wholistic domain and explained teh world in concise equations. Electromagnatism explained pahnomina that defiyed the indomidable Newton, and relativity struck out into the unformilar relm of time and the universe.
�
The discrepencies between experimental facts and accepted theories lead to an interest in further scientific developments and understanding. Today this development has leas to the feild of physics we now know as quantum mechanics. QM is a theory that tries to explain observed subatomic phanomina that relativity couldn't in much the same vain that allowed Newton to explain the way a ball falls to the ground when thrown or Maxwell's ideas on magntism and its affect on electricity. But QM, though accurate enough to build on, is not a true picture of the while. Scienticts have dubbed the all encompassing, though yet unknown theory the Theory of Everything, or TOE.
TOE is the ultimate theory of the universe, explaining subatmic phanomina as well as the relativity complication of time and space. Like it's predecessor QED, TOE hoped to take the experimental data from modern particle accelerator experiments (quarks and bosons) and find a unifying theme. The goal, according to Leederman in the God Particle, is to find the universe through the Higgs Boson (which has been postulated to be the origin of inertia), perhaps even proving quantum field theory to be true (matter is, in the end, the bunching up of a field) in the idea of superstrings.